Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Topical Corticosteroids Among Previous Users in the General Population of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Topical corticosteroids are a valuable tool for treating many dermatoses, offering anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, preexisting knowledge gaps and safety concerns may hinder treatment compliance. This study aims to evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards topical corticosteroids among former users within the general population of Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized an online survey to collect data. Knowledge was assessed through three dimensions: indications, proper use, and adverse reactions. Attitudes were assessed using the Topical Corticosteroid Phobia (TOPICOP) scale. Results Among the 397 respondents, 80.9% were females, 51.1% had suffered from a dermatological disease, and 76.3% had a bachelor's or higher educational level. When assessing knowledge, female participants (6.22±2.02) displayed significantly higher scores compared to male participants (5.26 ± 2.23) (p<0.001). Participants with dermatological diseases provided more accurate answers compared to those without. In assessing phobia towards topical corticosteroids, participants aged 18-25 years had lower topical corticosteroid phobia scores (31.06 ± 5.91), whereas those aged 56 years or more had higher scores (35.38 ± 6.04), p<0.001. Single participants had significantly lower topical corticosteroid phobia scores (32.27 ± 6.06) compared to those who were married (33.87 ±5.95) (p=0.010). Additionally, participants with dermatological diseases had higher scores in the behaviors subcategory despite having lower Global TOPICOP scores (32.58 ± 5.7) (p=0.033). Conclusion Enhancing knowledge about topical corticosteroids is crucial for mitigating corticophobia and promoting better adherence. To address gaps in knowledge, dermatologists should expand educational initiatives to include vulnerable populations, explicitly targeting males and older individuals.

Menopausal symptoms and the awareness of menopausal-related information in low-income mid-aged women from Guayaquil, Ecuador.

OBJECTIVE: To assess menopausal symptoms and determine awareness of menopausal related information in mid-aged women. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which 140 women aged 40 to 60 years from Guayaquil, Ecuador were surveyed with the short 10-item Cervantes Scale (CS-10) and a questionnaire containing personal data and questions assessing awareness of menopause related information. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 48.0 ± 5.6 years. More than half of surveyed women had low education and non-urban residency, none were on menopausal hormone therapy, 33.6% had hypertension, 35% were postmenopausal, 78.6% had an increased body mass index (overweight/obese) and 92.9% had abdominal obesity (waist > 88 cm). The average CS-10 score was 15.3 ± 9.0 with a median of 14.0. The three most frequent menopausal symptoms were muscle-joint pain (75.0%), changes in skin texture (74.3%) and vaginal dryness (71.4%). Regarding awareness of information related to the menopause, it was found that 98.6% of women had no idea about what the menopause is and the average age of its onset. Interestingly, although 61.4% knew that during the menopause there is weight gain, 57.9% were sedentary. Married, postmenopausal, older and less educated women presented higher mean total CS-10 scores. Contrarily, those with less awareness of menopause related information present lower scores. CONCLUSION: In this low-income mid-aged female sample there was a high rate of non-awareness regarding information related to the menopause, including an unhealthy cardiometabolic profile. There is a need for educational programs aimed to increase awareness in this high-risk population in relation to the surveyed aspects in order to improve their health status and prevent chronic conditions.

Quantitative Neuromuscular Monitoring Permits Early Diagnosis of Abnormal Butyrylcholinestrase: Two Case Studies Demonstrating Prevention of Awareness from Premature Awakening.

Administration of succinylcholine to patients with a variant in the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) gene increases the risk of anesthesia emergence prior to recovery from neuromuscular blockade (NMB). Application of quantitative neuromuscular monitoring (NMM) can identify residual NMB. We present two patients with abnormal BChE gene variants. In the first case, quantitative monitoring was applied too late to prevent awareness, but allowed diagnosis and prevented admission to the intensive care unit. In the second case, monitoring was applied prior to NMB, which enabled early diagnosis and prevented premature awakening from anesthesia. These cases illustrate the importance of quantitative NMM, even in short cases and with short-acting depolarizing agents such as succinylcholine. The clinical implications of this report include a more consistent use of NMM to identify and manage patients with undiagnosed abnormal BChE and to prevent premature anesthesia emergence.

Examining the role of ChatGPT in promoting health behaviors and lifestyle changes among cancer patients.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the role of ChatGPT in promoting health behavioral changes among cancer patients. Methods: A quasi-experiment design with qualitative approach was adopted in this study, as the ChatGPT technology is novel, and many people are unaware of it. The participants included outpatients at a public hospital. An experiment was carried out, where the participants used ChatGPT for seeking cancer related information for two weeks, which is then followed by focus group (FG) discussions. A total of 72 outpatients participated in ten focus groups. Results: Three main themes with 14 sub-themes were identified reflecting the role of ChatGPT in promoting health behavior changes. Its prominent role was observed in developing health literacy, promoting self-management of conditions through emotional, informational, motivational support. Three challenges including privacy, lack of personalization, and reliability issues were identified. Conclusion: Although ChatGPT has a huge potential in promoting health behavior changes among cancer patients, its ability is minimized by several factors such as regulatory, reliability, and privacy issues. There is a need for further evidence to generalize the results across the regions.

Awareness campaigns for cochlear implants: Are we making an impact?

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine if the major public awareness campaign for cochlear implants 'International Cochlear Implant Day' influenced national and international public interest as measured by internet search activity. METHODS: Weekly search volume data in the United States, Canada, Australia, Germany, United Kingdom, Brazil, India, Japan, and a 'Worldwide' group for the search topic 'cochlear implant' was collected from Google Trends over a 5-year period (2017-2021). The 'Campaign' window was defined as 1 week before, the week of, and 2 weeks after International Cochlear Implant Day (February 25th). 'Non-Campaign' weeks were considered any data outside the 'Campaign' window. RESULTS: Of the studied regions, the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, India, and 'Global' demonstrated a significant increase in internet search activity between 2017 and 2021. Although some individual years showed significant increases during the 'Campaign' period for Canada, Germany, Brazil, and Japan, none showed statistically significant increases over the 5-year period studied. CONCLUSION: Public awareness campaigns are recognized crucial elements to delivering effective healthcare, but their success varies worldwide. While data from Google Trends suggests that cochlear implant awareness campaigns can translate into increased internet searches, greater efforts can be made in select countries to improve public interest.

Olfactory self-recognition in two species of snake.

Mark tests, in which an animal uses a mirror to locate and examine an otherwise unnoticeable mark on its own body, are commonly used to assess self-recognition, which may have implications for self-awareness. Recently, several olfactory-reliant species have appeared to pass odour-based versions of the mark test, though it has never been attempted in reptiles. We conducted an odour-based mark test on two species of snakes, Eastern gartersnakes and ball pythons, with widely divergent ecologies (i.e. terrestrial foragers that communally brumate versus semi-arboreal ambush predators that do not). We find that gartersnakes, but not ball pythons, pass the test, and a range of control tests suggest this is based on self-recognition. Gartersnakes are more social than ball pythons, supporting recent suggestions that social species are more likely to self-recognize. These results open the door to examination of the ecology of self-recognition, and suggest that this ability may evolve in response to species-specific ecological challenges, some of which may align with complexity of social structures.

Enhancing knowledge, attitude, and perceptions towards fall prevention among older adults: a pharmacist-led intervention in a primary healthcare clinic, Gemas, Malaysia.

BACKGROUND: Falls and fall-related injuries are very common among older adults, and the risk of falls increases with the aging process. The lack of awareness of falls and fall-related injuries among older adults can contribute to an increasing risk of falls. Hence, a study was carried out to improve the knowledge, attitude, and perception of falls and fractures among older adults in a primary care setting in Gemas, a rural area of the Selangor state of Malaysia. METHOD: A structured educational intervention was provided to older adults who visited the primary care setting in Gemas and provided written informed consent to participate in the study. A total of 310 older adult patients was included in the study using a convenience sampling technique. RESULTS: Before the intervention, 74.84% of the respondents (n = 232) agreed that falls and related fractures are the leading causes of hospital admission among older adults. In post-intervention, the number of respondents who agreed with this statement increased to 257 (82.91%). At baseline, 28 respondents (9.03%) had poor knowledge, 160 respondents (51.61%) had average knowledge levels, and 122 respondents (39.35%) had good knowledge. In post-intervention, respondents with poor and average knowledge reduced to 1.93% (n = 6) and 29.35% (n = 91) respectively. A majority of respondents' knowledge levels improved significantly after the intervention (n = 213; 68.71%). About eight respondents (2.58%) had a negative perception of falls. In post-intervention, the percentage reduced to 0.65% as only two respondents had a negative perception. A total of 32 types of fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) have been prescribed to the respondents. A strong correlation (r = 0.89) between pre- and post-intervention knowledge was shown among the respondents. Paired t-test analysis showed a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: The pharmacist-led educational intervention significantly improved the knowledge, attitude, and perception of falls among older adults. More structured and periodical intervention programmes are warranted to reduce the risk of falls and fractures among older adults.

Awareness of Radiation Hazards and Knowledge About Radiation Protection Among Medical Students at the Northern Border University, Arar.

Studies have shown that medical students and doctors are not well equipped with knowledge of radiation hazards and their protection. This lack of knowledge may cause harm to patients and healthcare professionals. Objectives To compare the awareness of radiation hazards and knowledge about radiation protection among medical students at Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, with and without prior teaching. Methods and materials This cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students from clinical years at Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, from May 1st, 2023, to June 30th, 2023. Their consents were taken. Then they were randomly sorted into two groups. One group was given a radiation safety short course, and then they answered a questionnaire. The other group filled out the questionnaire without prior instruction, and analysis was done. The outcome of this study was quantified based on the score calculated after participants filled out the questionnaire. Results The mean score of students who didn't attend the radiology course was 3.38±1.8, while the score of students who attended the radiology course was 7.87±1.4 (p<0.001). Radiology course attendance showed a significant association with knowledge and awareness scores. Conclusions The average knowledge of medical students regarding radiation protection and hazards is quite poor. This lack of understanding could potentially lead to increased risks for both patients and healthcare professionals. The knowledge about radiation hazards and protection is increased in students who attended a short radiology course. We recommend implementing comprehensive educational programs that focus on radiation hazards and protection for medical students.

Breaking the Emergency Room Cycle: The Impact of Telemedicine on Emergency Department Utilization.

Background Telemedicine has gained prominence in healthcare, and understanding its impact on diverting non-urgent cases from the emergency room (ER) has become crucial. This study delves into the dynamic relationship between telemedicine utilization and ER visits, seeking to understand the transformative impact of telehealth on breaking the traditional ER cycle. Method To explore the awareness and utilization of telemedicine services in the broader population of Saudi Arabia, we adopted a cross-sectional design utilizing the convenience sampling method. Data collection was facilitated through a self-administered online survey comprising four sections: demographic variables, ER visits, awareness of non-urgent cases, and suggestions. The collected data were entered into IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21 (Released 2012; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) for descriptive analysis. Results Among the 1140 participants, the majority were females (56.8%), with 43.2% being males. Regarding age distribution, the highest percentage fell within the 18-25 age group (46.8%). Nationality-wise, a substantial proportion identified as Saudi (95.2%). Educational backgrounds varied, with 60.7% holding a bachelor's degree. Notably, 62.6% of the visits were classified as urgent. A significant portion (66.8%) demonstrated awareness of alternative options for non-urgent care, such as outpatient clinics and telemedicine services. Specifically regarding telemedicine, 82.8% of respondents believed that video consultations and prescription refills could effectively address non-urgent conditions. Furthermore, 89.6% of participants agreed that educating patients on self-care and home remedies could help manage symptoms and deter unnecessary ER visits. Conclusions The positive reception of telemedicine, as evidenced by high satisfaction rates among participants, further reinforces its role in reshaping the landscape of healthcare delivery.

Community engagement and social participation in dengue prevention: A cross-sectional study in Dhaka City.

Background: Dengue is a major public health concern in Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the perceptions and practices of community members in Dhaka regarding community engagement and social participation for dengue prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Dhaka City from May 2022 to December 2022. The respondents were randomly selected. The association between community participation and prevention practices was tested using the χ 2 test. Results: The findings of this study indicate that the majority of participants (92%) believed that community effort would be relied upon in the event of a dengue outbreak. Environmental cleaning campaigns were the preferred approach, and religious leaders viewed them positively. This study also revealed significant variations in knowledge levels, with those involved in community efforts and mass gatherings demonstrating greater knowledge. This study sheds light on the demographic factors that influence dengue knowledge and provides valuable insights into the development of targeted public health interventions. Conclusion: The study revealed negative perceptions and limited participation in dengue prevention among participants, with the majority demonstrating a poor understanding of preventive measures. While some showed positive attitudes towards community engagement, significant disparities existed in participation, highlighting the need for targeted educational campaigns and enhanced community mobilization efforts. Moreover, the importance of multisectoral collaboration is emphasized, underscoring the need for coordinated efforts among health departments, NGOs, religious institutions, and community leaders to effectively combat dengue transmission. Recommendations include ongoing educational initiatives, targeted interventions to promote community involvement, and fostering collaboration across sectors to strengthen dengue prevention efforts and to safeguard public health.

Only two in five pregnant women have adequate dietary diversity during antenatal care at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia.

Dietary diversification is a sustainable and appealing strategy for pregnant women to ensure a balanced dietary intake. In Ethiopia, despite the implementation of various nutritional initiatives, inadequate dietary diversity remains a significant factor contributing to adverse birth outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to assess the dietary diversity and associated characteristics among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Eastern Ethiopia. Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 28 to May 28, 2021. A total of 420 pregnant women were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. We used the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and a 95% confidence interval to estimate the strength of the association. We used a p-value of 0.05 to declare statistical significance. Only 35.0% (95% CI: 30.5, 39.5) of the 420 pregnant women involved in this study received appropriate dietary diversity. Having an educational level of college and above (AOR 3.01, 95% CI: 1.19-7.5), being an urban dweller (AOR = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.68-7.52), eating three meals and above (AOR = 7.62, 95% CI: 2.88-9.03), and having ≤4 family sizes (AOR = 9.33, 95% CI: 4.06-10.4) were significantly associated with an adequate dietary diversity score among pregnant women. This study found that pregnant women had inadequate overall consumption of a diversified diet. Increasing meal frequency, enhancing women's education, raising awareness of dietary diversity among rural inhabitants, and offering counselling on family planning utilisation during ANC services are all beneficial in promoting dietary diversity among pregnant women.

Assessing the evolution of hypertension management in Gansu, China: A comparative study of prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in 2012 and 2022.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the developments in the treatment and prevalence of hypertension by demographic subgroups in least developed area of China in 2012 and 2022. This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 and 2022, we applied stratified multistage random sampling to investigate residents aged 18 years or older in Gansu, the least developed province in the northwest of China. Questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were given to all respondents. The standardized prevalence of hypertension in adults in Gansu increased from 26.1% in 2012 to 28.8% in 2022. Compared with 2012, the control rate remains decreased despite the significantly improved awareness and treatment rates of hypertension in 2022. Apart from the reversal of the control rate, the trend of higher prevalence in men and higher awareness and treatment rates in women has not changed. There was an obviously increase in the proportion of participants who had received health education and hypertension management services from medical workers. The treatment was still primarily monotherapy, and there was no significant improvement in the prescription of medication. The prevalence of hypertension has increased mildly in the least developed region of China over the past decade, and the challenge of hypertension management has shifted from increasing awareness and treatment rates to increasing control rates. The onset and control of hypertension are affected by education methods, BMI, local economic conditions and other factors, and targeted strategies can be adopted to strengthen the management of hypertension in economically underdeveloped areas of China.

Lack of awareness of systemic lupus erythematosus and its consequences in a cohort of moderate and severe patients in Spain: The LupusVoice study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune condition that can highly impact patients' quality of life (QoL). However, there is a lack of knowledge about SLE, affecting the general population and health care professionals (HCPs) alike. This lack of knowledge has negative implications for patients and the healthcare system, worsening prognosis, negatively impacting QoL, and increasing healthcare utilization. The aim of this paper is to draw attention, according to the perspective of the participants of this study, to the lack of awareness of SLE and its consequences in Spain, and to suggest improvements. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This qualitative, descriptive, observational, multicenter, and cross-sectional study included 40 patients with moderate or severe SLE, recruited during their routine visits in six university hospitals in Spain. The study also included 11 caregivers and 9 HCPs. All participants were individually interviewed. Data from the interviews were coded and analyzed thematically by two anthropologists following a phenomenological perspective. RESULTS: Our study identified a lack of disease awareness among primary care physicians, emergency medicine doctors, and other specialists treating SLE symptomatology. This led to diagnostic delays, which had a clinical and emotional impact on patients. Furthermore, symptom awareness was found to be context dependent. Differences in symptom awareness between HCPs and patients led to a mismatch between the severity evaluation made by doctors and patients. Some HCPs did not consider the limitations of the current severity evaluation of SLE, and therefore attributed symptoms potentially caused by SLE to the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions patients lived in. Finally, a lack of social awareness among friends, family members, and romantic partners led to lower social support, increased isolation, and negative physical and emotional impact for patients. Gender differences in the provision of support were identified. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the need to increase SLE awareness among patients, HCPs, and the broader public in order to improve patient QoL. Being aware of the clinical and emotional impact of such lack of awareness, as well as the role played by context on the patient experience of SLE, is a crucial step towards achieving this goal.

Evaluation of Awareness Toward Various Treatment Options and Maintenance Practices among Removable Partial and Complete Denture Patients in Western Maharashtra - A Questionnaire-Based Study.

Introduction: Researchers must concentrate their focus on whether patients understand various treatment options available among removable complete and partial denture patients and whether they are aware of the maintenance protocol of the prosthesis. Materials and Methods: All the patients who completed removable partial or complete denture treatment in a period of 6 months were included in the study. Collected data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Awareness needs to be increased regarding the treatment options available for removable complete and partial denture treatment causes because many subjects in this study were only aware of the removable partial denture and complete denture treatment for missing teeth and not the other options, especially among individuals in the lower socioeconomic group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that awareness needs to be increased regarding the functions of prostheses such as esthetics and phonetics because many subjects in this study were only aware of the masticatory function performed by prosthesis.

Knowledge and Perception about Health Risks of Cigarette Smoking among Youngsters in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia.

Context: Cigarette smoking is a global public health concern, particularly in developing countries. Saudi Arabia has a high prevalence of smoking among young individuals, highlighting the need for interventions to address this issue. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the awareness, attitude, smoking rates, and perception of health risks among young individuals in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. The goal was to identify areas for improvement and develop effective strategies to combat smoking and promote healthier lifestyles. Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the out-patient department of the College of Dentistry, Jazan University, over a 3-month period. A questionnaire consisting of 15 open-ended questions was administered to eligible patients. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-squared test with a P- value of <0.05. Results: Out of 300 participants, the majority were males, university students, and non-smokers. Among smokers, electronic cigarettes were the most used form. Starting smoking with friends was a common trend. Females smoked fewer times per day compared to males. Participants expressed concerns about the damaging effects of smoking on health. Conclusions: Targeted interventions and educational programs are needed to address smoking behaviors among young individuals in the Jazan region. Gender-specific interventions, family involvement, and promoting school connectedness are crucial in reducing smoking rates. Graphic health warnings on cigarette packs have the potential to improve knowledge and quitting intentions. Continued research and surveillance are necessary to inform evidence-based policies and interventions to combat youth smoking.

Awareness and Practice of Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection Toward their Disease in the Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This study aimed to study the awareness and practice of patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) toward their disease in the Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional community-based study, in the central region of the kingdom. The target population of this study was adult patients with H. pylori infection, and a sample of 808 Saudi and non-Saudi male and female individuals were randomly selected using an online questionnaire. A consent form was obtained from all participants. Ethical approval was obtained from the university ethics committee. Results: There were a total of 808 responses. Most participants were female (89.4%) (n = 722) and between the ages of 35 and 60 years (60.8%), and most participants had a bachelor's degree (62.4%). 53.47% of the participants have good knowledge regarding their disease. Most of the participants knew it could cause gastric and duodenal ulcers (82.5%), but they did not know the infection might cause gastric cancer (48.6%). Conclusion: The study concluded that the majority of patients with H. pylori infection (53.47%) have good knowledge regarding their disease. Additionally, many participants were aware of the symptoms associated with H. pylori. Furthermore, many participants complained about their treatment.

Effectiveness of Online vs. In-Person Periodontal Health Workshops for Public Awareness.

Background: Periodontal health is a critical aspect of overall oral health, yet public awareness and education on this topic remain limited. With the increasing prevalence of online health education platforms, it is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of online periodontal health workshops compared with traditional in-person workshops on improving public awareness. Materials and Methods: Study Design: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to assess the impact of online and in-person periodontal health workshops on public awareness. Participants (N = 500) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the online workshop group or the in-person workshop group. Online Workshop: Participants in this group accessed an interactive online periodontal health workshop, consisting of video presentations, animations, and quizzes. The workshop covered topics, such as gum disease prevention, oral hygiene, and the importance of regular dental checkups. In-Person Workshop: Participants in this group attended a traditional in-person periodontal health workshop conducted by dental professionals. The content and duration of this workshop mirrored the online version. Pre- and Postworkshop Assessments: Both groups completed pre-workshop and postworkshop assessments, including a knowledge questionnaire and a self-assessment of oral health habits. Arbitrary scores were assigned to quantify knowledge gain (0-100%). Results: Participants in the online workshop group showed a mean knowledge gain of 30% (standard deviation (SD) = 5.2), while those in the in-person workshop group exhibited a mean knowledge gain of 35% (SD = 4.7). The self-assessment of oral health habits indicated an improvement in both groups, with 60% of participants reporting better oral hygiene practices. Conclusion: Both online and in-person periodontal health workshops demonstrated effectiveness in improving public awareness and promoting better oral health habits. Combining both modalities could be an effective strategy for comprehensive public education on periodontal health.

Knowledge, Awareness, and Determinants of Medication Adherence in Hypertensive Patients: A Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study in North India.

Background: Knowledge and awareness studies reveal the basic information of the community and the misconceptions in relation to practices of a disease. The identification of such factors is important as they directly influence the health care-related interventions. Hypertension is one of the emerging noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) globally. So, we conducted this study to assess the status of our community regarding hypertension. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 300 hypertensive patients to assess the knowledge and awareness by a hypertension fact questionnaire. Medication adherence was assessed in the same group of patients by Hill-Bone scale-a uniform scale used worldwide. Results: Our study revealed a greater number of females with hypertension as compared to males and a maximum number of patients being in the age-group of 61-70 years and belonging to rural areas. Most of the patients had a secondary education as a highest educational qualification with only 10% of patients being postgraduates. A fair number of patients had a good knowledge and awareness about their disease, and most of the respondents accounted forgetfulness as a main reason for nonadherence to therapy over other reasons. Conclusion: Our population has good knowledge and awareness about their disease despite not having very good educational qualifications, and we need to strengthen our healthcare programs for even more greater dissemination of information.

'Prediabetes' as a practical distinctive window for workable fruitful wonders: Prevention and progression alert as advanced professionalism.

Diabetes is a devastating public health problem. Prediabetes is an intermediate stage in the disease processes leading to diabetes, including types 1 and 2 diabetes. In the article "Prediabetes in children and adolescents: An updated review," the authors presented current evidence. We simplify and systematically clearly present the evidence and rationale for a conceptual framework we term the '3ASs': (1) Awareness Sensible; (2) Algorithm Simple; and (3) Appealing Strategies. Policy makers and the public need to be alerted. The prevalence of prediabetes should send alarm bells ringing for parents, individuals, clinicians, and policy makers. Prediabetes is defined by the following criteria: impaired fasting glucose (100-125 mg/dL); impaired glucose tolerance (2 h postprandial glucose 140-199 mg/dL); or hemoglobin A1c values of 5.7%-6.4%. Any of the above positive test alerts for intervention. Clinical guidelines do not recommend prioritizing one test over the others for evaluation. Decisions should be made on the strengths and shortfalls of each test. Patient preferences and test accessibility should be taken into consideration. An algorithm based on age, physiological stage, health status, and risk factors is provided. Primordial prevention targeting populations aims to eliminate risk factors through public education and encouraging practices through environmental modifications. Access to healthy foods is provided. Primary prevention is for individuals with a prediabetes diagnosis and involves a structured program to reduce body weight and increase physical activity along with a healthy diet. An overall methodical move to a healthy lifestyle for lifelong health is urgently needed. Early energetic prediabetes action is necessary.

Nasal polyp syndrome: a patient-centred term for CRSwNP by EUFOREA.

Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinus cavities that significantly affects well-being and social function, particularly in young adults and middle-aged populations. CRSwNP is a common health condition in the Western world, with an estimated prevalence of 3%. Despite worldwide evidence-based treatment guidelines such as the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 and the European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airway Diseases (EUFOREA) chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) pocket guide, a significant number of patients remain undiagnosed and/or uncontrolled with repeated oral corticosteroids (OCS) treatments and/or (multiple) endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS).